TONGA | Pacific Environment

Tonga is a Polynesian archipelago of volcanic islands and atolls in the South Pacific. Its ecosystems include tropical forests, mangroves, and coral reefs, all of which are central to food security and cultural identity. Invasive species management has been strengthened through the endorsement of the National Invasive Species Strategy and Action Plan (NISSAP) 2021–2027, which provides a national roadmap for prevention and control.

Active Programmes

POI

PFP

NENS

WOW

RERC

POMA

Overview

Biodiversity Status
Tonga hosts endemic bird species such as the Tongan whistler and unique plants adapted to island ecosystems. Coral reefs and mangroves sustain fisheries, protect coastlines, and support tourism. Forests provide timber, food, and water catchment services.

Invasive Species Threats
Rats and feral cats’ prey on native birds and reptiles, reducing biodiversity. Invasive plants such as Merremia peltata and African tulip tree degrade forests and agricultural lands. Coconut rhinoceros beetle and other agricultural pests threaten coconut palms and food security.

National Strategies & Plans
The NISSAP 2021–2027 is endorsed by government and provides clear priorities for invasive species management.
Integrated with Tonga’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), ensuring alignment with biodiversity conservation and climate resilience. Community engagement and biosecurity strengthening are central to implementation.